U.S. English Foundation Research CZECH REPUBLIC Language Research 2. Background: Background notes Once a part of the Holy Roman Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Czechoslovakia became an independent nation at the end of World War I. After World War II Czechoslovakia fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. On January 1993, the country peacefully split into its two ethnic components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic, largely by aspiring to become EU member, has moved toward integration in world markets, a development that poses both opportunities and risks.

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